Summary
Work
Force multiplied by distance moved in the direction of the force.
Energy
The capacity of a body to do work.
Kinetic Energy
Energy of an object due to its motion, given by E = mv².
Potential Energy
Energy an object possesses due to its position or state.
Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy associated with an object'sposition in a gravitational field, given by E = mgh.
Energy Conversion
Process of changing one form of energy into another.
Law of Conservation of Energy
Total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time.
Energy Resources
Substances or systems from which we can extract energy.
Non-renewable Energy Resources
Finite sources of energy, e.g., fossil fuels, nuclear fuels.
Renewable Energy Resources
Sources naturally replenished on a human timescale, e.g., sunlight, wind, rain.
Perpetual Motion Machine
Hypothetical device operating indefinitely without external energy source.
Fossil Fuels
Hydrocarbons formed from remains of dead plants and animals over millions of years.
Nuclear Fuel
Material used to generate nuclear energy through nuclear reactions.
Hydroelectric Resources
Generation of electricity by harnessing energy of flowing water.
Power
Rate of doing work or conversion of energy. P = W/t.
Efficiency
Ratio of useful energy/work output to total energy/work input.