| Data Types | Qualitative (Categorical) | Ordinal data, Nominal data |
| Quantitative (Numerical) | Discrete data, Continuous data |
| Dataset and Database | Dataset | Structured collection of data associated with unique body of work |
| Database | Organized collection of data stored in multiple datasets or tables |
| Types of Databases | | Relational, Non-Relational |
| Role of Database | | Better organized data structure, Dependence of data science on data |
| Data Collection | Primary Methods | Surveys, Interviews, Observations, Experiments, Focus groups, Sensors, IoT devices, Biometric devices |
| Secondary Methods | Published sources, Public databases, Government records, Past surveys, Social media data, Publicly available data, Past research studies |
| Data Storage | Methods | Relational/NoSQL databases, Data warehouse, Distributed file systems, Cloud-based storage, Blockchain |
| Data Visualization | Types | Charts, Graphs, Maps, Figures, Dashboards |
| Summary Statistics | Measures | Total number of values, Minimum value, Maximum value, Mean value, Standard deviation |